By Gregg Weldon, Chief Analytical Officer, AnalyticsIQ, Inc.
One measure of the relative strength of the U.S. economy is the growth in retail sales from quarter to quarter. These 3 month changes serve as a leading indicator for where the national economy is headed in the near-term. Although the U.S. economy changes over time, it’s also revealing to look at changes in CBSAs around the country. These CBSAs (“Core Based Statistical Areas”) are made up of metropolitan areas (cities, towns, unincorporated areas) that serve as indicators for how well individual portions of the country are coping with stress and/or succeeding in growing the economy.
The entire country experienced a huge drop in retail sales in 4Q08, when the extent of the housing crisis and accompanying Wall Street meltdown first became apparent. It’s interesting to note, however, how portions of the country arrived at that point, as well as how they’ve recovered since then.
Each quarter, all CBSAs are divided into performance deciles, in which they’re graded based on such economic measures as housing starts, unemployment, savings rates, home sales, bankruptcy filings, and net migration, among others. Group A represents the 10% of the CBSAs that are the strongest in the country, while Group J is made up of the economically weakest. These groupings change each quarter, so that Group A is always the “best” the U.S. has to offer at that point in time, while Group J is always made up of the stragglers.
The chart below shows that, prior to 4Q08, retail sales growth was dropping/stagnant for several periods across the board. Sales were increasing, but at a decreasing rate. The gap between Group A and Group J was relatively wide. Since 4Q08, retail sales have returned to a positive value, although that gap remains. Also note that, following an initial burst in sales through 3Q09/4Q09, sales growth has once again stagnated/fallen.

Retail Sales Growth